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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforPersonalSamplersofHealth-RelatedAerosolFractions
【原文标准名称】:与健康有关气溶胶分馏物的取样人用标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMD6062-2007
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2007
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D22.04
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:气溶胶;分馏物;米制的;取样人;个人保健;公共卫生;取样器
【英文主题词】:aerosol;conventions;deposition;fractions;inhalable;particle;particulates;penetration;respirable;samplingefficiency;size-selective;thoracic
【摘要】:1.1Thisguidedefinesconventionsforpersonalsamplersofspecificparticle-size-dependentfractionsofanygivennon-fibrousairborneaerosol.Suchsamplersareusedforassessinghealtheffectsandinthesettingofandtestingforcompliancewithpermissibleexposurelimitsintheworkplaceandambientenvironment.TheconventionshavebeenadoptedbytheInternationalStandardsOrganization(TechnicalReportISOTR7708),theComitEuropendeNormalisation(CENStandardEN481),andtheAmericanConferenceofGovernmentalIndustrialHygienists(ACGIH)(1).Theconventionsweredeveloped(2)inpartfromhealth-effectsstudiesreviewed(3)bytheACGIHandinpartasacompromisebetweendefinitionsproposedbytheACGIH(3)andbytheBritishMedicalResearchCouncil(BMRC)(4).Conventionsaregivenhereforinhalable,thoracic,andrespirablefractions.1.2ThisguideiscomplementarytoTestMethodD4532,whichdescribestheperformanceofaparticularinstrument,the10-mmcyclone,andoperationalproceduresforuse.Theprocedures,specificallytheoptimalflowrate,arestillvalidalthoughtheestimatedaccuracydifferssomewhatfromusewithpreviousaerosolfractiondefinitions.DetailsonthisinstrumentandalsotheHiggins-Dewellcyclonehaverecentlybeenpublished(5-7).1.3Limitations:1.3.1Thedefinitionsgivenherewereadoptedbytheagencieslistedin1.1inpartonthebasisofexpectedhealtheffectsofthedifferentsizefractions,butinpartallowingforavailablesamplingequipment.TheoriginaladoptionbyCENwas,infact,fortheeventualsettingofcommonstandardsbytheECcountrieswhilepermittingtheuseofavarietyofinstrumentation.Deviationsofthesamplingconventionsfromhealth-relatedeffectsareasfollows:1.3.1.1Theinhalablefractionactuallydependsonthespecificairspeedanddirection,onthebreathingrate,andonwhetherbreathingisbynoseormouth.Thevaluesgivenintheinhalableconventionareforrepresentativevaluesofbreathingrateandrepresentaveragesoverallwinddirections.1.3.1.2Therespirableandthoracicfractionsvaryfromindividualtoindividualandwiththebreathingpattern.Theconventionsareapproximationstotheaveragecase.1.3.1.3Eachconventionappliesstrictlytoafractionpenetratingtoaregion,ratherthandepositing.Therefore,samplescollectedaccordingtotheconventionsmayonlyapproximatecorrelationswithbiologicaleffects.Forexample,therespirableconventionoverestimatesthefractionofverysmallparticlesdepositedinthealveolarregionoftherespiratorysystembecausesomeoftheparticlesareactuallyexhaledwithoutbeingdeposited(8).Inmanyworkplaces,theseverysmallparticlescontributeinsignificantlytothesampledmass.Furthermore,thelargevariabilitybetweenindividualsandthedetailsofclearancemaybeasimportantasthistypeofeffect.1.3.1.4Thethoracicconventionappliestomouthbreathing,forwhichaerosolcollectionisgreaterthanduringnosebreathing.1.4ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesareforinformationonly.1.5Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:Z15
【国际标准分类号】:13_040_20
【页数】:4P.;A4
【正文语种】: